Iraqi architect (1950–2016)
For the architectural firm, see Zaha Hadid Architects.
Dame Zaha Mohammad HadidDBE RA (Arabic: زها حديدZahā Ḥadīd; 31 October 1950 – 31 March 2016) was an Iraqi-British architect, artist reprove designer, recognised as a key figure in architecture of representation late-20th and early-21st centuries. Born in Baghdad, Iraq,[1] Hadid planned mathematics as an undergraduate and then enrolled at the Architectural Association School of Architecture in 1972. In search of propose alternative system to traditional architectural drawing, and influenced by Suprematism and the Russian avant-garde, Hadid adopted painting as a draw up tool and abstraction as an investigative principle to "reinvestigate picture aborted and untested experiments of Modernism [...] to unveil pristine fields of building".[2]
She was described by The Guardian as say publicly "Queen of Curves",[3] who "liberated architectural geometry, giving it a whole new expressive identity".[4] Her major works include the Writer Aquatics Centre for the 2012 Olympics, the Broad Art Museum, Rome's MAXXI Museum, and the Guangzhou Opera House.[5] Some medium her awards have been presented posthumously, including the statuette be conscious of the 2017 Brit Awards. With several awards and accolades chance on her name, she has also been recognized by the 2013 Forbes List as one of the "World's Most Powerful Women".[6][7][8] Several of her buildings were still under construction at interpretation time of her death, including the Daxing International Airport rotation Beijing, and the Al Wakrah Stadium (now Al Janoub) production Qatar, a venue for the 2022 FIFA World Cup.[9][10][11]
Hadid was the first woman to receive the Pritzker Architecture Prize, splotch 2004.[12] She received the UK's most prestigious architectural award, description Stirling Prize, in 2010 and 2011. In 2012, she was made a Dame by Elizabeth II for services to design, and in February 2016, the month preceding her death,[13] she became the first woman to be individually awarded the Exchange a few words Gold Medal from the Royal Institute of British Architects (Ray Eames and Sheila O'Donnell had previously been awarded it together with Charles Eames and John Tuomey respectively).[14][15]
Zaha Hadid was born on 31 October 1950 in Baghdad, Irak, to an upper-class Iraqi family.[16] Her father, Muhammad al-Hajj Husayn Hadid, was a wealthy industrialist from Mosul. He co-founded say publicly socialist al-Ahali group in 1932, a significant political organisation detour the 1930s and 1940s.[16] He was the co-founder of representation National Democratic Party in Iraq[16] and served as minister follow finance after the overthrow of the monarch after the 1958 Iraqi coup d'état for the government of General Abd al-Karim Qasim. Her mother, Wajiha al-Sabunji, was an artist from Mosul[17] while her brother Foulath Hadid was a writer, accountant tell off expert on Arab affairs.[18] Hadid once mentioned in an meeting how her early childhood trips to the ancient Sumerian cities in southern Iraq sparked her interest in architecture. In representation 1960s, Hadid attended boarding schools in England and Switzerland.[19][20][21] Hadid was unmarried with no children.[22]
Hadid studied mathematics at the English University of Beirut before moving, in 1972, to London figure out study at the Architectural Association School of Architecture.[17] There she studied with Rem Koolhaas, Elia Zenghelis and Bernard Tschumi.[16] Break through former professor, Koolhaas, described her at graduation as "a ground in her own orbit."[16] Zenghelis described her as the wellnigh outstanding pupil he ever taught. 'We called her the artificer of the 89 degrees. Nothing was ever at 90 degrees. She had spectacular vision. All the buildings were exploding inspiration tiny little pieces." He recalled that she was less attentive in details, such as staircases. "The way she drew a staircase you would smash your head against the ceiling, captivated the space was reducing and reducing, and you would flatten up in the upper corner of the ceiling. She couldn't care about tiny details. Her mind was on the broader pictures—when it came to the joinery she knew we could fix that later. She was right.'[16] Her AA graduation problem, Malevich's Tektonik, was a concept and design for a 14-level hotel on London's Hungerford Bridge executed as an acrylic trade, inspired by the works of the Ukrainian suprematist artist Kazimir Malevich.
After graduation in 1977, she went to work for make up for former professors, Koolhaas and Zenghelis, at the Office for Metropolitan Architecture, in Rotterdam, the Netherlands.[24] Through her association with Koolhaas, she met the architectural engineer Peter Rice, who gave cross support and encouragement during the early stages of her career.[16][21] Hadid became a naturalised citizen of the United Kingdom.[17][25] She opened her own architectural firm, Zaha Hadid Architects, in Writer in 1980. During the early 1980s, Hadid's style introduced audiences to a new modern architecture style through her extremely utter and professional sketches. At the time people were focused representation postmodernism designs, so her designs were a different approach knock off architecture that set her apart from other designers.[21]
She then began her career teaching architecture, first at the Architectural Association, exploitation, over the years at Harvard Graduate School of Design, City University, the University of Chicago, the Hochschule für bildende Künste in Hamburg, the University of Illinois at Chicago, and Town University. She earned her early reputation with her lecturing captain colourful and radical early designs and projects, which were thoroughly published in architectural journals but remained largely unbuilt. Her zealous but unbuilt projects included a plan for Peak in Hong Kong (1983), and a plan for an opera house of great consequence Cardiff, Wales, (1994). The Cardiff experience was particularly discouraging; kill design was chosen as the best by the competition mutilation, but the Millennium Commission, acting as funding body, refused do good to pay for it, and the commission was given to a different and less ambitious architect.[27] Hadid's response to the opt was to ask "Do they want nothing but mediocrity?".[28] Amalgam reputation in this period rested largely upon her teaching challenging the imaginative and colourful paintings she made of her prospect buildings. Her international reputation was greatly enhanced in 1988 when she was chosen to show her drawings and paintings importation one of seven architects chosen to participate in the circus "Deconstructivism in Architecture" curated by Philip Johnson and Mark Wigley at New York's Museum of Modern Art.[5] This, a congress at the Tate in London and press coverage of rustle up work began to not only get her name out blocking the architecture world, but allowed people to associate a exactly so style of architecture with Hadid.[21]
One of her first clients was Rolf Fehlbaum, the president-director general of the Swiss furniture firm Vitra, and later, from 2004 to 2010, a member of picture jury for the prestigious Pritzker Architecture Prize. In 1989, Fehlbaum had invited Frank Gehry, then little-known, to build a set up museum at the Vitra factory in Weil-am-Rhein. In 1993, proscribed invited Hadid to design a small fire station for description factory. Her design, made of raw concrete and glass, was a sculptural work composed of sharp diagonal forms colliding band together in the centre. The design plans appeared in architecture magazines before construction. When completed, it only served as a flames station for a short period of time, as Weil goo Rhein soon opened their own fire station. It became come to an end exhibit space instead, and is now on display with rendering works of Gehry and other well-known architects. It was rendering launching pad of her architectural career.
Hadid designed a public housing estate in Berlin (1986–1993) squeeze organised an exhibition, "The Great Utopia" (1992), at the Industrialist Museum in New York. Her next major project was a ski jump at Bergisel, in Innsbruck Austria. The old runner jump, built in 1926, had been used in the 1964 and 1976 Winter Olympics. The new structure was to monitor not only a ski jump, but also a cafe bash into 150 seats offering a 360-degree view of the mountains. Hadid had to fight against traditionalists and against time; the design had to be completed in one year, before the effort international competition. Her design is 48 metres high and rests on a base seven metres by seven metres. She described it as "an organic hybrid", a cross between a connexion and a tower, which by its form gives a reaction of movement and speed.
At the end of the 1990s, her career began assign gather momentum, as she won commissions for two museums charge a large industrial building. She competed against Rem Koolhaas cope with other well-known architects for the design of the Contemporary Terrace Center in Cincinnati, Ohio (1997–2003).[31] She won, and became say publicly first woman to design an art museum in the Coalesced States. At 8,500 square metres, the museum was not large, and her design did not have the flamboyance of rendering Guggenheim Bilbao of Frank Gehry, built at the same hang on. But the project demonstrated Hadid's ability to use architectural forms to create interior drama, including its central element, a 30-metre long black stairway that passes between massive curving and cuspated concrete walls.
In 1994, Hadid was commissioned by the city of Vienna to design remarkable construct a three-part scheme for the urban redevelopment of disallow area adjacent to the Danube Canal.[33] Situated along the Spittelauer Lände, the series of buildings interact with and cross tipoff the railway viaduct by Viennese Modernist architect Otto Wagner, a protected structure.[34] In its initial design consisting of five buildings, the mixed-use scheme, described as a "sculpture-like overbuilding" of description historic Stadtbahn railway,[35] was designed by Hadid's practice ZHA. Hadid, together with British architectural artist Brian Clarke, developed an unexecuted collaborative proposal for the project that incorporated integral artworks be oblivious to Clarke as part of the Neo-Futurist structures, with interrelated parallel with the ground mosaic and traditionally-leaded stained glass forming part of the protection and fenestration of the complex.[36] Clarke developed a new initiative of mouth-blown glass for the scheme, which he christened 'Zaha-Glas'.[37] Later reduced to three buildings, the project, which experienced delays in construction, was completed in 2006,[33] without the artwork.
In 2000, she won an ecumenical competition for the Phaeno Science Center,[38] in Wolfsburg, Germany (2002–2005). The new museum was only a little larger than say publicly Cincinnati Museum, with 9,000 square metres of space, but say publicly plan was much more ambitious. It was similar in construct to the buildings of Le Corbusier, raised up seven metres on concrete pylons. Unlike Corbusier's buildings, she planned for description space under the building to be filled with activity, captivated each of the 10 massive inverted cone-shaped columns that firm up the building contains a cafe, a shop, or a museum entrance. The tilting columns reach up through the erection and also support the roof. The museum structure resembles knob enormous ship, with sloping walls and asymmetric scatterings of windows, and the interior, with its angular columns and exposed sword roof framework, gives the illusion of being inside a excavation vessel or laboratory.
In 2002, she won the competition to design a new administrative building chaste the factory of the auto manufacturer BMW in Leipzig, Frg. The three assembly buildings adjoining it were designed by regarding architects; her building served as the entrance and what she called the "nerve centre" of the complex. As with interpretation Phaeno Science Center, the building is hoisted above street subdued on leaning concrete pylons. The interior contains a series outline levels and floors which seem to cascade, sheltered by tilting concrete beams and a roof supported by steel beams answer the shape of an 'H'. The open interior inside was intended, she wrote, to avoid "the traditional segregation of indispensable groups" and to show the "global transparence of the internecine organisation" of the enterprise, and wrote that she had secure particular attention to the parking lot in front of rendering building, with the intent, she wrote, of "transforming it write a dynamic spectacle of its own".
In 2001, she began another museum project, an extension receive the Ordrupgaard Museum near Copenhagen, Denmark, a museum featuring a collection of 19th century French and Danish art in say publicly 19th-century mansion of its collector. The new building is 87 metres long and 20 metres wide, and is connected strong a five-metre wide passage to the old museum. There briefing no right angles – only diagonals – in the rigid shell of the museum. The floor-to-ceiling glass walls of description gallery make the garden the backdrop of the exhibits.
In 2004, she won the Pritzker Architecture Prize, the near prestigious award in architecture, though she had only completed quartet buildings – the Vitra Fire Station, the Ski Lift link with Innsbruck Austria, the Car Park and Terminus Hoenheim North principal France, and the Contemporary Art Center in Cincinnati.[41] In establishment the announcement, Thomas Pritzker, the head of the jury, announced: "Although her body of work is relatively small, she has achieved great acclaim and her energy and ideas show regular greater promise for the future."[42]
Between 1997 and 2010, Hadid ventured into the engineers' domain of bridge construction, a field also occupied by blot top architects including Norman Foster and Santiago Calatrava. Between 2005 and 2008, she designed and built the Bridge-Pavilion of Metropolis, which was both an exhibit hall and a bridge, composed for Expo 2008, an event on the themes of distilled water and durable development. The concrete bridge span on which interpretation pavilion rests is 85 metres long, as measured from say publicly Exposition site to an island in the Ebro River. Say publicly bridge carries or is attached to four tunnel-like exhibition spaces she termed "pods", which spread onto the island, for a total length of 275 metres. The pods are covered recognize a skin of 26,000 triangular shingles, many of which unbarred to let in air and light. The bridge-pavilion, characteristic unscrew her designs and buildings of the period, is composed genuine of diagonal slopes and curves, with no right-angles of rectangular forms. By its curving shape and low profile, the bridge-pavilion fits smoothly into the grassy landscape along the river.
Between 1997 and 2010, she constructed a much more ambitious bridge, the Sheikh Zayed Bridge, which honors Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan, in the middle of the island of Abu Dhabi and the mainland of Abu Dhabi, as well as to the Abu Dhabi International Aerodrome. Both the design of the bridge and the lighting,[44] consisting of gradually changing colours, were designed to give the perceive of movement. The silhouette of the bridge is a detonation, with a principal arch 235 metres long, standing 60 metres above the water. The total span of four lanes attempt 842 metres (2,762 feet) long, and also includes pedestrian walkways. The bridge was inaugurated on November 25, 2010, by picture late UAE President Sheikh Khalifa. The ceremony was also accompanied by Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom, marking multifarious second state visit to the UAE. Traffic on the rein in commenced three days following the opening ceremony.[46]
The National Museum of Arts of the 21st Century (MAXXI for short), suspend Rome, was designed and built between 1998 and 2010. Depiction main theme of its architecture is the sense of movement; Everything in the structure seems to be moving and moving. Hadid took inspiration from the surrounding orthogonal site grids jab determine the overall form. The facade belongs to her before period, with smooth curving white walls and an austere coalblack and white colour scheme. The building is perched on accumulations of five very thin pylons, and one gallery with a glass face precariously overhangs the plaza in front of rendering museum, creating shade. Rowan Moore of The Guardian of Writer described its form as "bending oblong tubes, overlapping, intersecting allow piling over each other. The imagery is of flow countryside movement and it resembles a demented piece of transport structure. Inside, black steel stairs and bridges, their undersides glowing momentous white light, fly across a void. They take you walk off to the galleries, which are themselves works of frozen wish. The design is intended to generate what Hadid called "confluence, interference and turbulence",[48]
In 2002 Hadid won an international competition for her first project in Dishware. The Guangzhou Opera House is located in a new fold district of the city, with a new 103-storey glass minaret behind it. It covers 70,000 square metres and was secure at cost of US$300 million. The complex comprises an 1,800-seat theatre, a multipurpose theatre, entry hall, and salon. A stationary pathway with restaurants and shops separates the two main structures. This building, like several of her later buildings, was outstanding by natural earth forms; the architect herself referred to twinset as the "two pebbles". It appears akin to two giantess smooth-edged boulders faced with 75,000 panels of polished granite turf glass. Edwin Heathcote, writing for the Financial Times, noted Hadid's concentration on how her design could transform the urban site of Guangzhou, as the building rose as the centre manipulate the new business area. He wrote in 2011 that Hadid "produced a building that seems to suck the surrounding 1 into a vortex of movement and swirling space... appears both as alien object in a landscape of incomprehensible vastness (and often overwhelming banality), and as an extrusion of the odd nature of this landscape."[50] Nicolai Ourousoff, architecture critic of representation New York Times, wrote that "stepping into the main engross is like entering the soft insides of an oyster...The cotyloidal ceiling is pierced by thousands of little lights—it looks comparable you're sitting under the dome of a clear night sky." Ourousoff noted that the finished building had construction problems: profuse of the granite tiles on the exterior had to nurture replaced, and the plaster and other interior work was improperly done by the inexperienced workers, but he praised Hadid's velvetiness "to convey a sense of bodies in motion" and hailed the building "a Chinese gem that elevates its setting."[51]
The Riverside Museum (2004–2011), on the banks of the River ClydeGlasgow, Scotland, houses representation Glasgow Museum of Transport. Hadid described the 10,000-square metre erection, with 7,000 square metres of gallery space, as "a wave", "folds in movement", and "a shed in the form reminiscent of a tunnel, open at the extreme ends, one end act toward the city and the other toward the Clyde." Like numerous of her buildings, the whole form is only perceived when viewed from above. The facades are covered with zinc plates, and the roofline has a series of peaks and angles. The interior galleries caused some controversy; visitors who came interrupt see the collection of historic automobiles found that they negative aspect mounted on the walls, high overhead, so it is unattainable to look into them. Rowan Moore of The Guardian announcement London wrote: "Obviously the space is about movement...Outside it in your right mind, typologically, a supermarket, being a big thing in a parking lot that is seeking to attract you in...It has puzzle and majesty, but not friendliness."[53]
Hadid's first built tower, the CMA CGM Headquarters in Marseille, Author, is most immediately notable for its dual vertical form. According to Zaha Hadid Architects, "The curving profiles on the outward facades work with the central core of the building, transportation a rigid frame and a sense of movement to that completely new typology of tower.”[54] The 94,000-square metre building, which resembles a ship’s prow, is the highest in the environs at 147 m and has a capacity of 2700 desks, an 800-seat company restaurant, a 190-seat auditorium, a maritime museum, a fitness room and training rooms.[55]
Hadid described her Aquatics Centre for the 2012 Summer Olympics in London as "inspired by the fluid geometry of water in movement". The building covers three swimming pools, and seats 17,500 spectators at the two main pools. Representation roof, made of steel and aluminium and covered with woodwind on the inside, rests on just three supports; it not bad in the form of a parabolic arch that dips observe the centre, with the two pools at either end. Rendering seats are placed in bays beside the curving and outward-leaning walls of glass. At £269 million, the complex cost tierce times the original estimate, owing principally to the complexity shambles the roof. This was the subject of much comment when it was constructed, and it was the first 2012 Athletics building begun but the last to be finished. It was praised by architecture critics. Rowan Moore of The Guardian alleged that the roof "floats and undulates" and called the nucleus "the Olympics' most majestic space".[57]
The Broad Art Museum gift wrap Michigan State University in East Lansing, Michigan, Hadid's second scheme in the United States, has a space of 4,274 rectangular metres, dedicated to contemporary art and modern art and harangue historical collection. The parallelogram-shaped building leans sharply and seems underrate to tip over. Hadid wrote that she designed the 1 so that its sloping pleated stainless steel facades would echo the surrounding neighbourhood from different angles; the building continually changes colour depending upon the weather, the time of day obtain the angle of the sun. As Hadid commented, the shop "awakens curiosity without ever truly revealing its contents". Elaine Glusac of The New York Times wrote that the architecture a selection of the new museum "radicalizes the streetscape".[59] The Museum was worn in a scene of the 2016 Batman vs. Superman movie.[60]
Many of Hadid's later major works frighten found in Asia. The Galaxy SOHO in Beijing, China (2008–2012) is a combination of offices and a commercial centre bring the heart of Beijing with a total of 332,857 rectangular metres, composed of four different ovoid glass-capped buildings joined mass multiple curving passageways on different levels. Hadid explained, "the internal spaces follow the same coherent formal logic of continual curvilinearity." The complex, like most of her buildings, gives the consciousness that every part of them is in motion.
The Heydar Aliyev Center in Baku, Azerbaijan (2007–2013) is a gigantic cultural and symposium centre containing three auditoriums, a library and museum, with a total space of 10,801 square metres on a surface help 15,514 square metres, and a height of 74 metres. Hadid wrote that "its fluid form emerges from the folds resembling the natural topography of the landscape and envelops the wintry weather functions of the centre", though the building when completed was largely surrounded by Soviet-era apartment blocks. Peter Cook in Architectural Review called it "a white vision, outrageously total, arrogantly complete ... a unique object that confounds and contradicts the reasonable ... a wave form sweeping up, almost lunging, into the sky ... ambiance is architecture as the ultimate statement of theatre ... It hype the most complete realisation yet of the Iraqi-born architect's deportment of sweeping curves and flowing space."[63]
Consisting of eight storeys, rendering centre includes an auditorium with 1000 seats, exhibition space, convention hall, workshop and a museum. No straight line was encouraged in the project of the complex. The shape of say publicly building is wave-like and the overall view is unique favour harmonic. Such an architectural structure stands for post-modernist architecture come first forms oceanic feeling. The lines of the building symbolise rendering merging of past and future.
While the building itself was widely praised, Dame Zaha was criticized in many circles when she was awarded Britain's most prestigious prize in architecture, interpretation Design Museum "Design of the Year," the first woman average do so. The building was named for the former mortal of Azerbaijan, Heydar Aliyev, and commissioned by his son, Illham, who became president after his father's death in 2003. Hugh Williamson, director of Human Rights Watch for Europe and say publicly Central Asian division, called Aliyev "an authoritarian leader and and above is his son." The former Soviet secret police general ruled for 30 years, first as its Communist leader and redouble as its president. Amnesty International accused him of human open abuses, balloting irregularities and intimidating the opposition while in command. Several architecture critics who admired the work itself felt consider it Dame Zaha should have raised questions about this repressive chief even as she accepted the commission, and other critics questioned the UK granting its most prestigious architecture award to a building which memorialized a vicious Soviet dictator.[64]
The Dongdaemun Design Plaza (2007–2013) is among depiction largest buildings in Seoul, South Korea. Its name means "Great Gate of the East", in reference to the old walls of the city. The complex of 86,574 square metres contains exhibition space, a museum of design, conference rooms and block out common facilities, as well as the bureaux and a mart for designers which is open 24 hours a day. Description main building is 280 metres long with seven levels, including three levels underground. The smooth-skinned, giant mushroom-like structure floating atop sloping pylons is made of concrete, aluminium, steel and material on the exterior, and finished inside with plaster reinforced submit synthetic fibre, acoustic tiles, acrylic resin, and stainless steel lecture polished stone on the interior. Hadid wrote that the paramount characteristics of her design were "transparency, porousness, and durability." Found also features many ecological features, including a double skin, solar panels, and a system for recycling water.
The Aggregation and Learning Center was designed as the centrepiece of picture new University of Economics in Vienna. Containing 28,000 square metres of space, its distinctive Hadid features include walls sloping miniature 35 degrees and massive black volume cantilevered at an chip in over the plaza in front of the building. She described the interior as follows: "The straight lines of the building's exterior separate as they move inward, becoming curvilinear and vapour to generate a free-formed interior canyon that serves as say publicly principal public plaza of the Center, as well as generating corridors and bridges ensuring smooth transitions between different levels."[66]
The Serpentine Sackler Gallery is a synthesis of two distinct parts – depiction 19th century classical brick structure named The Magazine (a stool pigeon gunpowder store), and a 21st-century tensile structure. This is interpretation second art space (after the MAXXI Museum in Rome) where Zaha Hadid Architects worked on the melding of both give a pasting and new elements. Zaha Hadid's Magazine extension on the beginning Grade II building was aided by the reinstatement of interpretation building to an historic arrangement as a free-standing pavilion inside an enclosure, with the former courtyards covered. The North Veranda extension features Hadid's distinct hallmark of curves, and houses a series of skylights which welcome natural light into the distance as well as retractable blinds when less light is needed.[67] Hadid also worked in collaboration with architect and heritage master Liam O'Connor, whose reconstructions and conversions of the original sustain were designed in consultation with English Heritage and Westminster Spring back Council. The extension houses internal exhibition spaces as well brand the museum shop and offices for the curatorial team.
The Origination Tower in Hong Kong (2007–2014) is part of Hong Kong Polytechnic University. The building of 15 floors has 15,000 rectangular metres of space, with laboratories, classrooms, studios and other facilities for 1,800 students and their faculty. It was built litter the site of the university's former football pitch. The amazing complex forms of the building required computer modelling. Early designs experimented with a facade made of reinforced plastic, textiles sudden aluminium, but Hadid finally settled upon metal panels with double layers. The building seems to lean towards the city. Depiction floors inside are visible from the exterior like geological strata.
Wangjing SOHO tower in Beijing bash the second building Hadid designed for the major Chinese belongings developer, located half-way between the centre of Beijing and say publicly airport. The towers slope and curve; Hadid compared them disruption Chinese fans, "whose volumes turn one around the other encompass a complex ballet." The tallest building is 200 metres buoy up, with two levels of shops and 37 levels of offices. A single atrium level three storeys high joins the tierce buildings at the base.
The Issam Fares Institute is located in the campus of say publicly American University of Beirut (AUB). It won the Agha Caravansary Award in 2016, the same year Hadid died. It has a 21 meters cantilever in order to preserve the dowry landscape. The institute aims to harness, develop and initiate digging of the Arab world to enhance and broaden debate adjustment public policy and international relations. It is currently headed lump Joseph Bahout[70]
The Nanking International Youth Cultural Centre are two skyscrapers in Nanjing, Jiangsu, China. Tower 1 is 314.5 metres (1,032 ft) tall and Development 2 is 255 metres (837 ft). Construction began in 2012 spell ended in 2015.
Of all cause works, Hadid designed only one government building, the Port Go Building, or Havenhuis, in Antwerp, Belgium, completed in 2016. Chief new government buildings attempt to express solidity and seriousness, but Port Authority, a ship-like structure of glass and steel deal a white concrete perch, seems to have landed atop depiction old port building constructed in 1922. The faceted glass reerect also resembles a diamond, a symbol of Antwerp's role renovation the major market of diamonds in Europe. It was creep of the last works of Hadid, who died in 2016, the year it opened. The square in front of depiction building was renamed to Zaha Hadidplein (Zaha Hadidsquare) to split her death.
On 31 March 2016, Hadid died of a heart attack at the age of 65 at Mount Desert Medical Center in Miami, where she was being treated keep an eye on bronchitis.[71][72]
The statement issued by her London-based design studio announcing breather death read, "Zaha Hadid was widely regarded to be description greatest female architect in the world today".[73] She is interred between her father Mohammed Hadid and brother Foulath Hadid unsubtle Brookwood Cemetery in Brookwood, Surrey, England.[74]
In her will she sinistral £67m, bequeathing various amounts to her business partner and next of kin members. Her international design businesses, which accounted for the mass of her wealth, were left in trust.[22][75]